- X-ray photoemission with excitation from 80 eV 10 keV photons
- X-ray absorption in the soft and “tender” x-ray range
- In-system sample treatments (e.g., heating, thin-film evaporation
EMIL at BESSY II uniquely combines industry-relevant deposition tools that are in-system connected to off- and on-synchrotron analysis chambers providing a complementing set of photon-in-electron-out and photon-in-photon-out spectroscopic techniques that make full use of the “two-color” beamline that allows a “depth-dependent” characterization of thin-film layer stack samples using an x-ray photon energy range from the soft (80 eV) to the hard (10.000 eV) x-ray energy regime. EMIL is thus particularly well suited for in-system, in-situ, and operando characterization of energy conversion materials and structures revealing their chemical and electronic structure (incl. energy level alignment), etc.
The SISSY lab at EMIL connects measurement chambers for electron and x-ray spectroscopic measurements with chambers for various sample deposition and treatment techniques via an automated ultra-high vacuum (UHV) transfer system. This arrangement allows in-system deposition and characterization as well as characterization of samples produced externally. Introduction and removal of materials to the UHV system via load lock connected to an inert gas glove box allows environmentally sensitive samples to be measured without air exposure. The system also features an open port, where specially designed “vacuum suitcases” can be connected to introduce especially sensitive samples into the system. Within the EMIL lab there is also a fully equipped chemistry laboratory including two inert gas glove boxes, a clean room, as well as standard measurement setups for sample pre-characterization by AFM, XRD, Raman, UV-VIS, Dektak, etc. are available.
Figure 1 Experimental setup available at HZB for advanced characterization and in-situ sample processing for measurement campaigns. Key purpose of combining the various analysis tools is to acquire information of the chemical state and electronic properties of the sample at varied information depth.
Photo
Services currently offered by the infrastructure
The beamline provides x-ray excitation tuneable across an extremely wide range of photon energies, from 80eV to 10keV. The primary measurement techniques are x-ray photoemission spectroscopy and x-ray absorption spectroscopy
Modality of access under VIPERLAB Project
- All EMIL facilities are located in radiation protection (RP) areas. The BESSY II Users Office and the RP Office of the HZB will assist with the required formalities.
- Experiments will be designed, proposed, and scheduled in close communication with the user. Research proposals that require synchrotron light must go through the bi-annual general user proposal process at BESSY II, handled through GATE Portal (HZB’s User Platform - https://www.helmholtz-berlin.de/pubbin/hzbgate).
- Due to the very different types of research activities that are possible at EMIL, the number of days typically spent at the infrastructure for an experiment can vary significantly. However, in average it is estimated to be 3 days for most VIPERLAB-related experiments.
Support offered
- Available services include mail-in/out or on-site activities, synchrotron analytics with or without deposition/treatment activities. The expected output may include deliberately designed/optimized materials, layer stacks, and/or samples as well as detailed (depth-dependent) information on the chemical and electronic structure of surfaces, near-surface regions, and (buried) interfaces of the samples under study.
- Proposal writing, measurement, data management, and evaluation support is offered.
Since HZB is a user facility, all facilities are in place to handle and support external users, e.g. accommodation is available for BESSY II users at the IBZ guesthouse
Partecipation in others relevant Research Projects or activities connected to VIPERLAB
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